How It Works
The filter bed is made up of four layers of inert natural media that have an increasing density, a decreasing particle size and a specific shape factor.
The media has a naturally high positive charge and micro-organisms such as Cryptosporidium and Legionella are negatively charged. The ‘Zeta Potential’ enhances the highly effective mechanical filtration with surface adsorption to remove up to 99.954% of the particles down to 0.2 micron
How it works
Find out how our technology works by clicking on buttons on the animation below.
Filter Spectrum
The chart below shows the Spruce Filter™ is a real alternative to membrane systems capturing particles within the micro filtration range.
Suspended Solids Reductions
The Spruce Filter™ is a true deep bed, multi-layer filter in that each layer of media has a specific job to do and allows the whole filter bed to deliver an exceptionally high dirt loading capacity and operate successfully for extended run times between backwashes.
The Spruce Filter™ shows significant performance benefits when compared with other traditional technologies. See comparison table below.
Comparison Table
Filter Type |
Max Velocity through bed (m/hr) |
Max sus-solids loading (mg/l) |
Avg sus-solids remaining |
Retained particle size after backwash |
| Spruce | 50 | 500 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| Rapid Sand | 10 | 100 | 3 | 10 |
| Cartridge | 14 | 5 | 0.6 | 3 |
| Crossflow | 8 | 50 | 3.2 | 6 |
| Anthracite | 9 | 100 | 50 | 15 |